/dev/hda – first IDE hard drive
/dev/null – used when you want to send output into oblivion
/etc/aliases – file containing aliases used by sendmail and other MTAs (mail transport agents).
After updating this file, it is necessary to run the newaliases utility for the changes to be passed to sendmail.
/etc/bashrc – system-wide default functions and aliases for the bash shell
/etc/conf.modules – aliases and options for configurable modules
/etc/crontab – shell script to run different commands periodically (hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, etc.)
/etc/DIR_COLORS – used to store colors for different file types when using ls command. The dircolors command uses this file when there is not a .dir_colors file in the user’s home directory. Used in conjunction with the eval command (see below).
/etc/exports – specifies hosts to which file systems can be exported using NFS. Man exports contains information on how to set up this file for remote users.
/etc/fstab – contains information on partitions and filesystems used by system to mount different partitions and devices on the directory tree
/etc/HOSTNAME – stores the name of the host computer(Used in Debian).For Red Hat Linux it would be /etc/sysconfig/network.
/etc/hosts – contains a list of host names and absolute IP addresses.
/etc/hosts.allow – hosts allowed (by the tcpd daemon) to access Internet services
/etc/hosts.deny – hosts forbidden (by the tcpd daemon) to access Internet services
/etc/group – similar to /etc/passwd but for groups
/etc/inittab – runs different programs and processes on startup. This is typically the program which is responsible for, among other things, setting the default runlevel, running the rc.sysinit script contained in /etc/rc.d, setting up virtual login terminals, bringing down the system in an orderly fashion in response to [Ctrl][Alt][Del], running the rc script in
/etc/rc.d, and running xdm for a graphical login prompt (only if the default runlevel is set for a graphical login).
/etc/passwd – contains passwords and other information concerning users who are registered to use the system. For obvious security reasons, this is writable only by root and readble by others. It can be modified by root directly, but it is preferable to use a configuration utility such as passwd to make the changes. A corrupt /etc/passwd file can easily render a Linux box unusable.
/etc/resolv.conf – contains a list of domain name servers used by the local machine
/etc/securetty – contains a list of terminals on which root can login. For security reasons, this should not include dialup terminals.
/etc/X11/XF86Config – X configuration file. The location in Slackware is /etc/XF86Config.
/proc/cpuinfo – cpu information
/proc/filesystems – prints filesystems currently in use
/proc/interrupts – prints interrupts currently in use
/proc/ioports – contains a list of the i/o addresses used by various devices connected to the computer
/var/log/messages – general system messages, includes most of what is in dmesg if it hasn’t “rolled over”.
/var/log/dmesg – boot time hardware detection and driver setup.
/var/log/daemon.log – messages from service tasks like lircd
/var/log/kern.log – if something has gone wrong with a kernel module, you may find something here.
/var/log/Xorg.0.log – start up log from the X server (GUI environment), including hardware detection and modes (resolution) selected
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